Following are the 3 stages of a witness's examination

[{"selector":"#anim-4045ca9d-b082-48d0-a524-77822d40f051","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-d161d06e-a37d-4b9d-8e49-a3e5a7a78e84 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(7.812499744007886%, 0, 0) translate(25%, 0%) scale(1.5)","translate3d(0%, 0, 0) translate(0%, 0%) scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.14,.34,.47,.9)","fill":"forwards"}] Tilted Brush Stroke The examination by the party who calls a witness is referred to as a direct examination. The testimony is... learn more Learn more

Object of Examination in-chief

[{"selector":"#anim-c6bf1190-35cd-478e-8781-5ca37fbf0b46","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":1400,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-4caf5ebd-ff26-474b-ba48-ac5cc5a1d915","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(132.87037%, 0px, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":1400,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-53f45029-f620-4513-94d0-8cc73f035684","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-6b13b54a-a2be-4b8e-a0ba-553fe8e643ec","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, -102.53773%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-c6561144-1f4d-4f58-a5e0-9ba123c9ca19","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":250,"duration":3000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-e87d2e49-9876-40df-a5cf-172496b942b1","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":400,"duration":3500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] The objective of cross-examination-in-chief is to elicit the facts and to prove pertinent facts in favour of the party who called the witnesses.... learn more Learn more

Cross-examination

[{"selector":"#anim-888d1ffb-afa4-4ce1-8777-54325354abb8","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":250,"duration":3000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-f84942a6-23db-4abb-b729-6e26c93b4833","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":400,"duration":3500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-e94419fe-c0db-4bbf-8ba6-eb79cc5a4157","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":1400,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-f6a99160-d55a-42dc-a6de-014404f93f13","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-145.09805%, 0px, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":1400,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-f6485d15-e75a-41f1-a4f3-2dd17abfd53e","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-a3c5a74b-87df-42c6-a46b-068ebb4c2661","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, 135.00818%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] The adverse party's cross-examination of a witness is known as cross-examination. A party's opponent has the right to cross-examine his... learn more Learn more

Object of the Cross-examination

[{"selector":"#anim-9f191db5-633d-4929-a778-e9474918a1ef","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":3000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-f54a4be0-109a-4205-b07a-0267fca57c8c","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":1400,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-5a6f7539-aa9b-45fc-beb1-b74219b1cb7e","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, -324.0544%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":1400,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-4df7737c-5301-4c6d-b871-af424f7436c4","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":1400,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-1b28a609-ad55-4ce8-952d-3efcd3bbd6f0","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, -546.24628%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":1400,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] The objective of cross-examination is to determine whether the witness’s statements are true. It's an attempt to dissect a witness or... learn more View More Arrow Learn more

“”

[{"selector":"#anim-70629054-2788-4c51-89e2-ef1569585039","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":1200,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-b6340a59-af61-49e8-badc-8f32b631e932","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, -246.49575%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":1200,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-18f59782-e65f-4e93-b805-79ded637bdb8","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":100,"duration":1000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-c7395bf7-da49-44cf-8256-2fd893fa55e1","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, -2317.09388%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":100,"duration":1000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-71ba90b4-3791-4905-b62b-90c1d43cd187","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":100,"duration":1000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-1c7ee1bb-60ef-41cb-94c0-ca8cdc537981","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, -2586.32461%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":100,"duration":1000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-02bfc288-bef5-4882-8313-96258bc3700a","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":100,"duration":1000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-170d699b-6f7c-43ec-accc-94b457ed31ae","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, -144.36755%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":100,"duration":1000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] Learn more

Re-examination

[{"selector":"#anim-d0cbaecc-4c7e-4055-940c-226d2bb973b2","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":3000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-40f334f4-0a23-4c51-a62f-825d711ae597","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":3000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-61923e32-8d4e-4dce-92ec-f521f291b750","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":390,"duration":800,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-621cab82-b9d4-4acb-a8a5-ddd2bfa6105c","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-123.76682%, 0px, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":390,"duration":800,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-2e572f95-83ac-4603-89f1-01ba17328690","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":600,"duration":800,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-eb15daf1-181c-42d2-af9d-793352ef8334","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-117.09678%, 0px, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":600,"duration":800,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] Re-examination is the examination of a testimony when he has been cross-examined by the defendant who called him. If the party who.... Learn More Arrow Learn more

The Object of Re-examination

[{"selector":"#anim-d9f67a1b-8c30-4f0f-ba17-6ff55289fa72","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":3000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-5485a559-64dc-48fa-9294-68500c42feec","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":3000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-b113c627-8e00-47f1-9b19-92a2b823675c","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":405,"duration":1000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-ffde0615-2ec4-4b7f-8fb2-b59248607fd5","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, 643.70361%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":405,"duration":1000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-0cda8dad-125f-49ba-a8f5-0b1c4f959618","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":500,"duration":1000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-957b06fb-9052-4d53-9de6-3b997f572998","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, 176.10180%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":500,"duration":1000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] Re- examination's purpose is to ask any questions which may be required if the opposing party has the right to cross-examine the testimony at that... learn more Learn more

Order of Examination

[{"selector":"#anim-2d6dac9f-5e29-49f7-850e-aadad58068a5","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-397d8ef7-aa30-434a-9a27-ce8d067e8251","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":150,"duration":1001,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-2207e004-7e82-405a-b468-58c18b684d03","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, 190.81487%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":150,"duration":1001,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] Sec. 138 of the (I.E.A) Indian Evidence Act governs the order of examination, wherein the witness is examined in chief, then.... learn more Learn more

Direction of Re-examination

[{"selector":"#anim-5ab35e79-0e5f-40c9-9b9d-4aedf95b0657","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":900,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-0d63eca6-3ebb-4f54-8971-0593a78b97bb","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":900,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-49e2b017-241f-4de0-a615-69d4bc731b2e","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":600,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-1a2467a9-c852-4b28-9b2a-f0d88bdfbfbd","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-118.86793%, 0px, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":600,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-365b9740-9faa-48f6-8791-2443310cb4ef","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":600,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-39f11bdc-114e-4c3e-9824-6f5655f9e612","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-124.00001%, 0px, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":600,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] Learn More The purpose of re-examination is to clarify matters raised in cross-examination, and if a new issue is raised in re-examination with the court's.. .

When it's not appropriate to ask leading questions (section142)

[{"selector":"#anim-badda2c2-f481-4a94-866e-df2de65019a2","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":1300,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-7d579418-fd58-4d52-8133-d8adf9698363","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-118.76924%, 0px, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":1300,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] Learn More Arrow

When are leading questions acceptable?

[{"selector":"#anim-dd67e022-6c9d-4541-b4a4-01110539f0ea","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":100,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-fc6affa6-1ae7-4d98-991f-3d02c24fcbcd","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, 212.59260%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":100,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-8a0593dd-8f2b-48b7-a885-5059f77d22a1","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-9543099d-e7d0-439f-aa35-be1a493f6b3a","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, 263.73020%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] Leading questions may be asked during cross-examination, As per Sec.143 of I.E.A,1872.... Learn More Arrow

In addition to the questions listed above, testimony may be asked those questions that tend to test his veracity during -learn more

[{"selector":"#anim-8ef40788-8537-477e-9a58-e298ec5fcc41","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(95.96413%, 0px, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-ad5a511a-3bb9-48a0-a908-655d83656bcf","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-4ba8d793-8f51-4834-97ab-42aed45099e7","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.15)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-b57479c3-06f0-4fb9-9375-17cda57237a3","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-118.93688%, 0px, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-e80012d9-d792-43d3-80bd-e76c31b5fc69","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-1ccea2c8-563a-4da6-8c41-3be4f36375f8","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.15)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-57503085-a946-41c3-9380-81eef150370b","keyframes":[{"offset":0,"transform":"translate3d(0, -326.27318%, 0)","easing":"cubic-bezier(.5, 0, 1, 1)"},{"offset":0.29,"transform":"translate3d(0, 0%, 0)","easing":"cubic-bezier(0, 0, .5, 1)"},{"offset":0.45,"transform":"translate3d(0, -91.748018216%, 0)","easing":"cubic-bezier(.5, 0, 1, 1)"},{"offset":0.61,"transform":"translate3d(0, 0%, 0)","easing":"cubic-bezier(0, 0, .5, 1)"},{"offset":0.71,"transform":"translate3d(0, -31.191716008000004%, 0)","easing":"cubic-bezier(.5, 0, 1, 1)"},{"offset":0.8,"transform":"translate3d(0, 0%, 0)","easing":"cubic-bezier(0, 0, .5, 1)"},{"offset":0.85,"transform":"translate3d(0, -11.713207162000002%, 0)","easing":"cubic-bezier(.5, 0, 1, 1)"},{"offset":0.92,"transform":"translate3d(0, 0%, 0)","easing":"cubic-bezier(0, 0, .5, 1)"},{"offset":0.96,"transform":"translate3d(0, -5.0898616080000005%, 0)","easing":"cubic-bezier(.5, 0, 1, 1)"},{"offset":1,"transform":"translate3d(0, 0%, 0)","easing":"cubic-bezier(0, 0, .5, 1)"}],"delay":0,"duration":1600,"fill":"both"}]